Sponsor Type
Federal
Country
United States
 Contact Info
Phone
301-763-INFO (4636)
Address
4600 Silver Hill Road Suitland, MD 20746
Last modified on 2018-07-02 03:21:30
Description
WHO WE ARE The U.S. Census Bureau has been headquartered in Suitland, Md. since 1942, and currently employs about 4,285 staff members. The Census Bureau is part of the U.S. Department of Commerce. The U.S. Census Bureau is overseen by the Economics and Statistics Administration (ESA) within the Department of Commerce. The Economics and Statistics Administration provides high-quality economic analysis and fosters the missions of the U.S. Census Bureau and the Bureau of Economic Analysis. OUR MISSION The Census Bureau's mission is to serve as the leading source of quality data about the nation's people and economy. We honor privacy, protect confidentiality, share our expertise globally, and conduct our work openly. We are guided on this mission by scientific objectivity, our strong and capable workforce, our devotion to research-based innovation, and our abiding commitment to our customers. OUR AUTHORITY The Census Bureau operates under Title 13 and Title 26 of the U.S. Code. OUR GOAL Our goal is to provide the best mix of timeliness, relevancy, quality and cost for the data we collect and services we provide. HISTORY U.S. Census Bureau History: The Battle of Gettysburg On the morning of July 1, 1863, the quiet town of Gettysburg, PA, became the focal point of one of the greatest battles of the American Civil War as Robert E. Lee's Confederate Army of Northern Virginia clashed with George G. Meade's Union Army of the Potomac. The ensuing 3-day battle would become the bloodiest in U.S. history as the Union sought to block the Confederate's invasion of northern territory. Following his victory at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Robert E. Lee ordered his army to move north into Union territory. By late June, elements of the Army of Northern Virginia had crossed the Mason-Dixon Line (the boundary separating the "North" and "South") and were reconnoitering the area of Gettysburg, York, and Harrisburg, PA. Upon entering Gettysburg on June 30 in search of supplies, Confederate troops under General Henry Heth were surprised to find Union cavalry defending the town. The next day, Heth ordered his division to engage the Union cavalry. The cavalrymen delayed the Confederates long enough for reinforcements to arrive. As the day wore on, more and more troops were thrown into the engagement. Fierce fighting eventually overwhelmed the Union lines and pushed them south of the town by day's end. Overnight, the Armies of the Potomac and Northern Virginia—approximately 175,000 troops—converged on Gettysburg. On July 2, Lee hoped to capitalize on the previous day's success by ordering Generals James Longstreet and Richard Ewell to attack the Union flanks. Despite suffering heavy losses, the Union's strong defensive position, heroic resistance, and Meade's skillful movement of reinforcements prevented Lee from striking the decisive blow on northern territory that he desired. Unable to dislodge the Union on the left and right, Lee believed victory would be achieved with an assault on the Union's center at Cemetery Ridge on July 3. That afternoon, the general ordered a massive artillery bombardment followed by a 15,000-man assault. General George Pickett led the Confederate charge across nearly three-quarters of a mile of open fields. As they advanced, withering musket and cannon fire from the front and sides ripped through the Confederate ranks. Although small groups of Confederates penetrated the Union line, reinforcements quickly captured, killed, or forced the rebels to retreat. By sunset of the third day, less than half the men who participated in Pickett's Charge returned to the Confederate lines. That evening, the Army of Northern Virginia moved to defensive positions in anticipation of a Union counterattack that never materialized. They retreated to Virginia on July 4. Approximately 51,000 (28,000 Confederate and 23,000 Union) soldiers were dead, wounded, or missing. One civilian died as a result of the battle—Mary "Ginnie" Wade was killed by a stray bullet as she kneaded dough in her sister's house. Four months after the battle, President Abraham Lincoln arrived in Gettysburg to dedicate the Soldiers' National Cemetery. During the ceremony, Lincoln's Gettysburg Address defined the war as not only a struggle to preserve the Union, but also for the principle of human equality. Leading a demoralized army and facing criticism of his actions in southern newspapers, Lee offered his resignation to President Jefferson Davis. Davis refused. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia would continue fighting until their surrender at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865.
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